PVC tawv (polyvinyl chloride hluavtaws tawv) yog tawv zoo li cov khoom siv los ntawm polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, nrog rau cov khoom siv ntxiv xws li plasticizers thiab stabilizers, los ntawm txheej txheej, calendering, lossis lamination. Cov hauv qab no yog ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas dav dav ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus, toxicity, thiab cov txheej txheem ntau lawm:
I. Kev txhais thiab cov qauv ntawm PVC tawv
1. Basic Composition
Lub hauv paus txheej: feem ntau yog ib qho woven lossis knitted ntaub, muab kev txhawb nqa txhua yam.
Cov txheej txheem nruab nrab: Ib txheej foamed PVC uas muaj cov yas yas thiab foaming agents, imparting elasticity thiab softness.
Txheej txheej: PVC resin txheej, uas tuaj yeem embossed los tsim cov tawv zoo li kev ntxhib los mos thiab kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv fouling.
Qee cov khoom kuj suav nrog polyurethane (PU) nplaum txheej los yog pob tshab hnav-resistant topcoat rau kev ua tau zoo.
2. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb
Lub cev muaj zog: Hydrolysis tsis kam, abrasion tsis kam (qhov hloov tau mus txog 30,000 txog 100,000 zaug), thiab nplaim taws retardancy (B1 qib).
Cov kev txwv ua haujlwm: Kev ua tsis taus pa tsis zoo (tsawg dua PU tawv), ua rau tawv tawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab cov yas yas tso tawm nrog kev siv mus ntev.
2. Toxicity controversy thiab kev ruaj ntseg qauv ntawm PVC tawv
Cov peev txheej ntawm toxicity
1. Cov tshuaj ntxiv uas tsim kev puas tsuaj
Plasticizers (plasticizers): Ib txwm phthalates (xws li DOP) tuaj yeem tso tawm thiab cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob endocrine, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum raug cov roj lossis qhov kub thiab txias.
Heavy hlau stabilizers: Stabilizers uas muaj cov hlau lead thiab cadmium tuaj yeem txav mus rau tib neeg lub cev, thiab cov khoom siv mus ntev yuav ua rau lub raum thiab lub paj hlwb puas.
Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM): Residual VCM nyob rau hauv ntau lawm yog ib tug muaj zog carcinogen.
2. Kev pheej hmoo ntawm ib puag ncig thiab pov tseg
Dioxins thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg raug tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm incineration; Cov hlau hnyav nkag mus rau hauv av thiab dej qhov chaw tom qab kev pov tseg.
Kev rov ua dua tshiab yog qhov nyuaj, thiab lawv feem ntau dhau los ua cov pa phem tsis tu ncua.
Cov qauv kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv
Tuam Tshoj tus qauv yuav tsum muaj GB 21550-2008 nruj me ntsis txwv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom phom sij:
Vinyl chloride monomer: ≤5 mg / kg
Soluble lead: ≤90 mg/kg | Soluble cadmium: ≤75mg / kg
Lwm cov volatiles: ≤20g / m²
PVC tawv uas ua tau raws li tus qauv no (xws li txhuas- thiab cadmium-dawb formulations, los yog siv epoxidized soybean roj es tsis txhob ntawm DOP) muaj tsawg toxicity. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov kev ua tau zoo ib puag ncig tseem qis dua rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv xws li PU tawv thiab TPU.
Kev Pom Zoo Txog Kev Yuav Khoom: Nrhiav cov ntawv pov thawj ib puag ncig (xws li FloorScore thiab GREENGUARD) thiab tsis txhob siv qhov kub siab (> 60 ° C) thiab tiv tauj nrog cov zaub mov oily.
III. PVC tawv txheej txheem
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb
1. Kev npaj cov khoom nyoos
Nto Txheej Slurry: PVC resin + plasticizer (xws li DOP) + stabilizer (dawb formulation) + colorant.
Foaming Layer Slurry: Ntxiv cov tshuab tshuab (xws li azodicarbonamide) thiab hloov cov muab tub lim (xws li attapulgite los txhim kho huab cua tiv thaiv).
2. Moulding txheej txheem
Txheej txheej (Mainstream txheej txheem):
Txheej cov ntawv tso tawm nrog txheej txheej ntawm slurry (kom qhuav ntawm 170-190 ° C) → Siv cov txheej txheej ntawm cov slurry → Laminate nrog lub hauv paus ntaub (polyurethane bonding) → Tshem tawm cov ntawv tso tawm → Siv cov tshuaj kho deg nrog cov menyuam.
Txoj kev Calendering:
Resin sib tov yog extruded los ntawm ib tug ntsia hlau (125-175 ° C) → Sheeted rau lub calender (roller kub 165-180 ° C) → Kub-pressed nrog lub hauv paus ntaub.
Foaming thiab Post-Processing:
Lub tshuab ua npuas ncauj siv cov txheej txheem kub tswj (110-195 ° C) ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 15-25 m / min los tsim cov qauv microporous.
Embossing (ob-sided embossing) thiab nto UV kho txhim kho tactile xav thiab hnav tsis kam.
Environmentally Friendly Process Innovation
Lwm cov ntaub ntawv: Epoxidized soybean roj thiab polyester plasticizers yog siv los hloov phthalates.
Kev hloov hluav taws xob txuag hluav taws xob: Muab ob npaug rau ib zaug lamination tshuab txo lub zog siv 30%; dej-raws li kev kho cov neeg ua hauj lwm hloov cov kuab tshuaj raws li coatings.
- Kev hloov kho ua haujlwm: Ntxiv nyiaj ions (tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob), hloov av nplaum (txhim kho lub zog thiab kev laus ua haujlwm).
IV. Summary : Kev siv thiab tiam sis
Daim ntawv thov thaj chaw: automotive interiors (cov rooj zaum), rooj tog npog, khau (sports uppers), hnab, thiab lwm yam.
Kev lag luam tiam sis:
Kev txwv tsis pub muaj kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig (xws li EU PVC txwv), TPU / microfiber tawv maj mam hloov cov lag luam nruab nrab mus rau qib siab.
Cov "Technical Specifications for Green Design Product Evaluation" (T/GMPA 14-2023) yog siv nyob rau hauv Suav teb los txhawb kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom xws li PVC pem teb tawv.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: PVC tawv tuaj yeem siv tau zoo raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb, tab sis qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua qias tuaj hauv kev tsim khoom / khib nyiab tseem muaj. Cov khoom muaj ntawv pov thawj ib puag ncig yam tsis muaj hlau hnyav thiab phthalates nyiam, thiab kev saib xyuas yog them rau kev lag luam hloov mus rau PU / bio-based cov ntaub ntawv.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-29-2025
